New PowerPoint Viewer

PowerPoint presentations are a popular way to pass around information. I know quite a few people who use PowerPoint to create amusing photo slide shows, for instance. How do you view a presentation if you don’t have a copy of PowerPoint installed? Use the free PowerPoint Viewer 2003.

This is a very simple, lightweight program that does an excellent job of displaying full-featured presentations. This update (just released today) is the first major update to the viewer in years, so if you’re using the older version you might want to consider replacing it with this one.

Blind faith in Apple

Brad DeLong is a wicked-smart economist. But when it comes to PCs, well… He thinks Microsoft Is Evil:

Memo to self: warn all family members that just because Microsoft Internet Explorer can *display* .pdf documents is no reason to expect that Microsoft Internet Explorer will be able to *print* them.

If his relatives can’t print PDF files, there is probably a good reason. My father-in-law routinely screws up his Mac and has to call on various family members to fix it. That doesn’t mean Macs suck, only that computers are inherently complicated.

I will extend the same offer to Prof. DeLong that I offer to Prof. Froomkin: free Windows help, any time.

More about the Administrator account

In a comment to the previous post, Hellsbellboy (great name!) asks:

What’s the difference between Computer Administrator (which I run under) and just plain ol Administrator?

I have 1 account on my Windows XP Pro, which I name Hellsbellboy, but if i go say into Safe Mode I get a Hellsbellboy (which is set up as Computer Administrator in the User Accounts) and a Administrator account.. which is best to use? Should I bother with the Hellsbellboy and just always run as Administrator?

No difference. All versions of Windows XP include a built-in account called Administrator. In Windows XP Professional, you set a password for this account when you first set up your operating system, although the user name is only visible on the logon screen under certain specific circumstances. In Windows XP Home Edition, you cannot log on to this account interactively; you can only do so in Safe Mode or using Recovery Console. We discuss this subject in detail in Windows XP Inside Out Second Edition. In the Deluxe Edition, look on page 249 for the section, “What Happened to the Administrator Account?”

You can create additional accounts that are in the Local Administrators group. These accounts are identical in all respects to the built-in Administrator account. The only difference is that the built-in Administrator account cannot be deleted (although it can be renamed).

Free replacement of counterfeit Windows

In the UK, Microsoft has launched a fascinating new program under the Genuine Product Verification label. If you purchased a computer that was pre-loaded with a counterfeit copy of Windows, you can send them the CD and a statement showing where you purchased the computer. Here’s what happens next:

If your copy of the Windows XP Home or Professional Operating System is genuine we will return it to you along with the documentation you submitted. If your copy of the Windows XP Home or Professional Operating System is not genuine we will retain it along with the documentation you submitted. If we retain your submission, we will replace your software with a genuine copy of Microsoft Windows XP Home or Professional Edition (as appropriate).

The goal, of course, is to gather evidence against counterfeiters without punishing their victims, who no doubt bought the computer in the good faith belief that the software on it was legal. I wonder if a similar program will be available in the USA anytime soon?

Outlook Express Expertise

Tom Koch has forgotten more things about Outlook Express than most Windows experts ever learned. When I have to deal with an Outlook Express issue, I always turn to his superb Inside Outlook Express site first. So I was particularly excited to see a new article from Tom on Microsoft’s Expert Zone this week. The Other E-Mail Threat: File Corruption in Outlook Express does not disappoint.

It is a rare day on the Internet that we do not see some scary warning about the latest e-mail threat from viruses, worms, and Trojan Horses. But there is another e-mail threat that can be just as damaging as a virus and yet is rarely discussed in computer media. That threat is file corruption, a somewhat nerdy term for damage to a file that prevents a computer program from being able to use it. For Outlook Express users, file corruption can often mean the disappearance of entire folders of saved e-mail. In this article we’ll look at the common causes of corruption, how to avoid it, and how to recover messages if it occurs.

Well written and full of good advice. Excellent reading!

SP2: no performance problems

I often grit my teeth when I read “expert” advice on performance that has no relation to external reality. That’s why I was very happy to see one Web site perform a comprehensive set of system benchmarks aimed at answering the question, “Does Service Pack 2 slow you down?”

They ran 108 separate benchmarks, with a heavy emphasis on gaming-related tests. The SP1 machine had better performance scores on 63 of the tests, while the SP2 machine was faster on 42 of the tests. If you’re into this sort of thing, you can look at all six pages of charts and graphs. Or you can skip to the conclusion:

The test PC equipped with Windows XP Professional Service Pack 1 was an average of 0.5% faster than the same hardware with Service Pack 2 installed. The percentage difference between faster and slower is insignificantly small. Less than 2 or 3 percent in some benchmarks could be dismissed by most but when gamers are looking to squeeze every extra frame out of their machines…it may count.

One-half of one percent is statistically a blip, especially when the test results are distributed in both directions. I’ve personally installed SP2 on a whole bunch of computers and this test matches my experience. If you see a noticeable slowdown after installing SP2, look elsewhere for the cause.

The amazing hidden backup program

My brother-in-law is never afraid to ask a question. This week, he’s concerned that his copy of Windows XP Home Edition is missing the backup program. Where is it?

It’s on your Windows XP CD.

From Windows XP Inside Out, Second Edition:

If you’re running Windows XP Home Edition, you won’t find Backup Utility on the Start menu or even in Add Or Remove Programs. It is included, though; you just need to know where to look. To install Backup Utility, you need your Windows XP Home Edition CD. Use Windows Explorer to open the Valueadd\Msft\Ntbackup folder, and then double-click Ntbackup.msi.

Mission accomplished.

Update: The Windows XP Backup program is installed by default with Windows XP Pro. Based on user surveys, Microsoft decided (incorrectly, in my opinion) that anyone using Windows XP Home Edition wouldn’t be interested in the Backup program. That’s why you have to manually install it. Thanks to Woody for asking this question in the comments.

Update 2: If you have a recovery CD instead of a “real” Windows XP Home Edition CD, you can install the Ntbackup program from a borrowed CD. If you can’t find one of those, download the installer from this site.

Update 3: If you’re looking for advice on how to actually use the backup program after it’s installed, see this article I wrote last year: Windows XP Backup Made Easy.

Windows Validation?

My RSS feed just passed along news of a Critical Update for Windows XP. When I clicked the link, it took me to this page: Download details: Critical Update for Windows XP (KB887822). So far, perfectly normal. But then I saw a yellow box in the center of the page, with this text:

This download is available to customers running genuine Microsoft Windows. Please click Continue to begin Windows validation.

Windows Validation? First I’ve heard of this. I clicked the link and found another link to a Why Validate? page that sorta kinda explains what’s going on.

This is separate and distinct from Windows Product Activation. So far, it’s not a required step. You have to go through the validation screen, where you are prompted to install an ActiveX control on your computer. You can choose not to validate and still get the download.

It looks like this is the next step in Microsoft’s anti-piracy program. The broader effort, called Windows Genuine Advantage, was very quietly announced last month. So quietly, in fact, that I missed this report from Microsoft Monitor:

Under the Windows Genuine program, Microsoft would require an extra step before users would be able to use the Download Center–that’s assuming the program evolves as conceived. At Download Center, Microsoft provides updates to all its software. Users with product-activated Windows would go through a fairly seamless process to the Download Center, since Microsoft had already collected anonymous information associated with the operating system and hardware. Apparently, both mechanisms, activation and validation, would deposit an ActiveX control on the PC. Microsoft hasn’t said whether Windows validation would be required to download its other products running on the operating system.

Users that had not activated–and that could be a whole bunch of people given that most PCs ship without need of the process–would have to go through an anonymous process to validate their copy of Windows, basically by the Certificate of Authenticity key. Once validated, users would have access to Download Center. If not validated, downloads would be restricted to critical updates.

Hmmm. I know a lot of people who are opposed to installing any ActiveX control, and it’s hard to convince them to trust this one, no matter how many assurances of safety and anonymity you provide. I sympathize with the goal of stopping piracy, but it cannot interfere in any way with the goal of making security patches readily available for all versions of Windows.

I’ll keep you posted as I learn more.

Update: I went through the validation process using Firefox. The validation routine required that I download and run a very small executable program – no ActiveX required. After the program ran, it popped up a small box with a seven-character alphanumeric code in it. I pasted that code into a matching box on the validation page and that was it.

I can’t wait to read all the protests about how intrusive and offensive this process is. Wanna take bets on how many of the people screaming the loudest never actually go through this process?

SP2 troubles? Some help…

I’ve heard from several people about problems they experienced when trying to install Service Pack 2. These are the two most common problems:

  1. Your computer freezes while trying to install SP2. This seems to be caused by a specific hardware problem, which is described in this Knowledge Base article: Your computer stops responding when you restart to complete the installation of Windows XP Service Pack 2. There’s a patch you can install before attempting to update to SP2. If you’re stuck midway through an incomplete installation, see the instructions at the end of the article.
  2. Your computer gets stuck in a restart loop with the error message “This application has failed to start because winsrv was not found.” This one seems to be related to a particular piece of adware called TVMedia, according to this Knowledge Base article. (Mary Jo Foley wrote a story in eWeek earlier this month with more details.)

Other problems I hear about are typically related to outdated and unsigned drivers. If you have a Compaq or HP computer, you can find all the update information you need here. Dell owners should read this page carefully.

If you haven’t yet installed SP2, now is the time to do so. If you’re looking for a checklist to help make sure you’re doing it right, this page from Windows MVP Jupiter Jones is a good place to start. Here’s the short version: Check first to see if your computer has any compatibility problems. Scan for viruses and spyware and eliminate anything you find. Download the full SP if possible, or order the CD from Microsoft. Do the upgrade!

Update: You’ll find some more resources on my SP2 index page.

SP2 problems

In response to my recent post asking why people are waiting to install SP2, Steve Smith writes:

On my home system, I installed SP2 not too long after it came out (which has been my practice in the past for other fixes and updates)

The install proceeded uneventfully, I rebooted as instructed but the machine hung on the starting Windows screen. Going into diagnostic mode showed the hang occurring when the agp440.sys driver was loaded. My ASUS motherboard BIOS is current and I have fairly standard components on my system.

Google XP and agp440.sys and you’ll see that my problem is not uncommon. I have yet to find a solution. I had to reinstall the entire OS and all of my apps to recover. Not something I want to do again anytime soon.

Yes, I agree. That sucks. I’ve actually seen this happen in the past, long before SP2. In my case, the problem was caused by a faulty video driver. To solve it, I had to go into recovery console and disable the agp440.sys service, as described in this KB article. It is not a procedure I recommend for beginners.

For what it’s worth, I had similar problems when trying to use Roxio’s Easy CD Creator, shortly after Windows XP was released. The program installed an incompatible driver which hung the system, and it could only be fixed by booting into Recovery Console and manually removing the driver.

The problem in both cases was caused by a poorly written kernel-mode driver, not by Windows XP or a service pack. Installing SP2 just made the problem appear. The distinction may seem academic to someone dealing with the mess Steve saw, and most people will not have the patience or the knowledge to fix the problem using Recovery Console. Instead, they’ll reinstall Windows, cursing the whole while.

A recent issue of Scot Finnie’s newsletter mentions a similar problem in a somewhat oblique fashion:

A couple of days ago Microsoft released “Update for Windows XP Service Pack 2 (KB885894)” designed to solve what’s probably the most common installation problem with XP SP2: A freeze part-way through the setup process, leaving you with a failed installation. If that happens to you, Microsoft is offering this 760K download. You install it, restart your machine, and you should be able to complete your XP SP2 installation successfully.

Update for Windows XP Service Pack 2 (KB885894)

Note: This installation bug fix is poorly named. “Update for Windows XP Service Pack 2” sounds like it’s something everyone should download and run, but that is not the case. It’s only if you run into trouble with a hung installation.

I don’t know if this is the same issue, but it sounds like it could be.

At any rate, I stand by my advice that installing SP2 is the smart thing to do. I recommend you have a full backup first, of course, and I also suggest that you check all installed drivers to see whether any are unsigned. Those are the ones that are most likely to cause problems. You can use the Verifier utility (which we discuss in Windows XP Inside Out Deluxe Edition), but be careful with this one!

Update: I have more information about two specific SP2-related problems in this post.