A few weeks ago, I explained how to relocate the My Documents folder. I’ve had lots of positive feedback to that tip, so it seems like a good time to talk about (in my best Paul Harvey voice) the rest of your data.
If you only back up your My Documents folder, you’re in for a rude shock if you ever have to restore that backup. Any files you had saved on your desktop will be gone. Your e-mail files (Microsoft Outlook, Outlook Express, and Mozilla Thunderbird, for instance) will have disappeared. Your address book will be missing in action, as will the settings for most programs. And your Internet Explorer Favorites and your Firefox bookmarks. And your Word document templates. And so on and on and on.
To learn where these “other” data files are stored, it helps to understand how Windows XP organizes your personal data. Everything starts with your user profile, which consists of a set of subfolders within a folder in the Documents And Settings folder. Your user profile folder normally has the same name as your logon name. Two exceptions: First, if you’re creating a domain profile, your name and the domain name are both part of the folder name, with a dot separating the two elements. Second, if your Documents And Settings folder already contains a folder whose name is the same as your user name, Windows will tack a number onto the end of your profile folder.
Inside your user profile folder are a number of subfolders whose purpose is to store data that you and only you will use. The two most important are Application Data and Local Settings\Application Data, both of which are hidden by default. (For details on how to work with hidden folders, see this tip.) Well-written Windows programs store user-specific data in these locations, which is why you’ll find your Outlook data files in Local Settings\Application Data\Microsoft\Outlook. Your Outlook Express folders are in Local Settings\Application Data\Identities, with each identity getting its own subfolder and a cryptic 32-character alphanumeric name. And your Mozilla Thunderbird mail files are in a randomly named subfolder of Application Data\Thunderbird\Profiles.
Confused? Your best strategy is to back up your entire user profile folder. If you use the Windows XP Backup program (click that link to learn how to install and use this great hidden utility), this option is the default choice in the What to Back Up screen when you start in wizard mode. If you use any other backup program, be sure to point it to the top-level folder for your user profile.
An alternate strategy (one I don’t recommend) is to configure your most important programs to store their data in the My Documents folder rather than in your user profile. This process is cumbersome for most programs, and there’s no guarantee you’ll get it right.
Update: If you’re looking for advice on how to actually use the backup program after it’s installed, see this article I wrote in 2003, which is still accurate: Windows XP Backup Made Easy. Thanks to Frank for the comment suggesting I add this information.